Chhath Puja 2023: Date, History, and Significance of the Sun God Festival

Chhath Puja, an ancient and revered festival in India, is a vibrant celebration dedicated to the sun god and nature. It holds deep significance in the states of Bihar, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh, and the Terai region of Nepal. This grand festival revolves around worship, rituals, and devotion to the cosmic source of energy, the sun.

Chhath Puja 2023 Date: Chhath Puja spans four days, with its main rituals observed on the third day. In 2023, the festival kicks off on Friday, November 17th, and the pivotal day, known as “Kharna,” falls on Monday, November 20th. Devotees gather by rivers, ponds, and water bodies to offer their prayers to the setting sun.

Historical Roots of Chhath Puja: Chhath Puja’s origins trace back to ancient Vedic texts, making it one of India’s oldest festivals. It’s believed to have been celebrated for over 2,000 years. The term “Chhath” derives from the Sanskrit word “Shashthi,” signifying the sixth day. This festival falls on the sixth day of the lunar month after Diwali.

Importance of Chhath Puja:

1. Worshipping the Sun God: Chhath Puja centers on honoring the sun god, Surya. The sun symbolizes life and energy, and devotees seek blessings for their families’ well-being.
2. Harvest Festival: It’s also a harvest festival celebrated after the harvest season. Farmers express gratitude to the sun for a fruitful harvest and pray for fertile lands.
3. Spiritual Significance: Chhath Puja is spiritually cleansing. Devotees observe strict fasts and offer prayers at sunrise and sunset, believing it purifies the mind and body, bringing prosperity.
4. Community Bonding: This festival promotes unity and social bonding. Families and neighborhoods come together to perform rituals and offer collective prayers.

Significance of Chhath Rituals:

1. Nahay Khay: The first day involves devotees taking a holy dip in a river or pond, followed by a meal of pumpkin and rice.
2. Lohanda and Kharna: On the second day, devotees strictly fast and prepare a special prasad (offering) in the evening, consisting of jaggery, thekua (a sweet snack), and fruits.
3. Sandhya Arghya: The third day is crucial. Devotees gather by riverbanks before sunrise to offer ‘Arghya’ to the rising sun. They break their fast after this ritual.
4. Usha Arghya: The final day repeats the ‘Arghya’ offering, this time at sunset.

Chhath Puja embodies deep reverence for nature, the sun, and the community, making it a cherished and spiritually enriching festival.